The information in this article comes from the Hemp Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and the main content includes industrial hemp classification, breeding, germplasm introduction, planting, and development suggestions. Industrial hemp, as a high-value-added cash crop, has long been recorded in the history of our country. With the liberalization of industrial hemp cultivation in foreign countries in the past two years, more companies have begun to pay attention to the market of industrial hemp. Among the developed and undeveloped properties of cannabis, it can be said that the potential is huge!

Classification of industrial hemp

1. Botany classification: Cannabis belongs to the Cannabis family, and Cannabis is an annual herb. Cannabis is divided into two subspecies: Northern subspecies and Indian subspecies.

2. Classified according to the content of THC: industrial hemp and drug hemp. Industrial hemp generally means that the THC content is between 0.05% and 1%, and the THC of drug cannabis is between 3% and 20%.

3. Divided by region: southern varieties and northern varieties. The growth period of southern Ma was extended to the north, and the CBD would decrease, while the growth period of southern Ma was shortened and the output would decrease.

The basic situation of breeding

Breeding goals: high-yield fiber and seeds, high fiber content, lower THC, and increase CBD.

At present, there are about 50 industrial hemp varieties registered, appraised or identified.

Cross breeding, bagging and isolation;

Tissue culture, cotyledons can also be regenerated;

The genetically modified system has been established;

Space breeding of industrial hemp has also started.

Industrial hemp cultivation spread from China to the world

my country is one of the origins of cannabis, and it is also one of the ancient grains of our country. Archaeology has confirmed that China has cultivated marijuana with a history of 4-5 thousand years. Hemp was introduced as a fiber crop from China to West Asia and Egypt, and then introduced to Europe between 1000-2000 BC, and was only widely cultivated in Europe after 500 AD.

Cultivation began in South America only in 1545, mainly Chile. North America did not start planting until 1606, first in Louisiana in the United States and then prospering in Kentucky.

Therefore, my country's cannabis germplasm resources have certain advantages, but my country has not carried out research on recreational cannabis, and without a foundation, research on high-CBD cannabis lags behind foreign countries.

The research of cannabis germplasm includes: collection, identification and evaluation, preservation, utilization, diversity analysis, etc. There are 606 cannabis germplasm catalogs in China. Collected in 15 provinces of Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Sichuan, Anhui, Shandong, Shanxi, Henan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and Gansu. Approximately 200 accessions have been identified and preserved in the National Gene Bank.

Introduction of cannabis germplasm resources

Because hemp is relatively sensitive, it is difficult to introduce hemp germplasm resources. About 60 foreign germplasm resources are listed in the list of germplasm resources, mainly for fiber or seed. In recent years, some cannabis germplasm resources imported from foreign countries accounted for a relatively large proportion of medicinal cannabis germplasm resources, which laid the foundation for my country to rapidly improve the breeding capacity of medicinal cannabis.

However, introduction will also bring some problems. Different countries have different requirements for THC, which can easily lead to excessive THC. Recreational marijuana has been opened in 51 countries. Medicinal marijuana in these countries may have higher THC. If these high THC varieties are introduced, it may cause a lot of trouble.

Countries that can be introduced

1. European Union countries

2. The United States, Canada, Israel

3. United Kingdom

The introduction must go through formal channels, and timely quarantine shall be required after introduction. Isolate planting, identification, and timely destruction of high THC found, and the exchange of germplasm resources must comply with national laws. Normal seeds can reproduce normally, but they must be separated into varieties to prevent mixing and the spread of harmful organisms. The seeds of the female flowers try to induce the male flowers to preserve the original species.

Steady progress in CBD hemp production

The new plastic ban will increase the demand for fiber and composite materials. People pay more attention to health care and increase the demand for seed oil. Therefore, if conditions permit, comprehensive utilization and development of multiple products can be carried out to increase comprehensive benefits and prevent CBD prices. Fluctuations in the production of edible oil, protein, health food, feed, CBD, construction materials, textile materials, etc. cause losses to enterprises.